Investigating Cosmic Discordance

Abstract We show that a combined analysis of cosmic microwave background anisotropy power spectra obtained by the Planck satellite and luminosity distance data simultaneously excludes flat universe cosmological constant at 99% confidence level. These results hold separately when combining with three different sets: two determinations Hubble from Riess et al. Freedman al., Pantheon catalog high-redshift Type Ia supernovae. conclude either Lambda cold dark matter model needs to be replaced paradigm, or else there are significant but still undetected systematics. Our result calls for new observations stimulates investigation alternative theoretical models solutions.